2D physics simulations
Focus on the relationships with clear 2D diagrams, graphs and adjustable models. Compare forces, rays, circuits and wave patterns without needing to rotate a 3D view.
Projectile motion
Which launch angle gives the greatest range?
Forces & friction
How much force is needed to start a stationary cart?
Momentum & collisions
What stays the same when carts collide and stick?
Hooke’s law & spring energy
How can a load–extension graph reveal spring stiffness?
Pendulum & oscillations
When does the small-angle period stop being a good approximation?
DC circuits & Ohm’s law
How does current change when resistors are moved from series to parallel?
Waves & interference
What changes when a pulse meets a fixed end rather than a free end?
Lenses & image formation
When can an image be caught on a screen?
Refraction & total internal reflection
Why is there a critical angle from glass into air, but not from air into glass?
Gravity & orbits
Where in an elliptical orbit does a planet move fastest?
Charges & electric fields
Can two nonzero charges produce a zero electric field?
Magnetic fields & compass
How does reversing current change the magnetic field?
Calorimetry & heat transfer
Why do equal masses of different metals warm the same water by different amounts?
Density & buoyancy
Does a floating object displace its own volume or its own weight of water?
Doppler effect
Why does a moving sound source change the frequency heard by a stationary listener?
Gas laws & piston
Why does doubling temperature only double volume when temperature is measured in kelvin?
Photoelectric effect
Can brighter red light eject electrons when dimmer red light cannot?
Levers & torque
Can a smaller load balance a larger load?
Double-slit diffraction
How do slit separation and slit width affect different parts of the screen pattern?